Dr. Dalia Nissim – Social Worker, Rehabilitation Specialist, Director of Professional Development, Trump Institute, Beit Issie Shapiro
The article will present the unique physical, cognitive and emotional characteristics that are typical of old age and that contribute to the emergence of challenging behavior, as well as the contribution of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia to the development of the phenomenon.

Dr. Benjamin Hozmi – Community Social Worker, Academic and Knowledge Resources Director, Beit Issie Shapiro
Dr. Michal Gleitman – Language Development Researcher, “Makom Le’Haba’a” Center
Yael Cohen – Movement Therapist, developer of the “Yael Cohen Method for Expression Through Typing”, founder and director of “Makom Le’Haba’a” Center
This study examines how acquiring the ability to communicate through typing, using Yael Cohen’s Self- Expression Through Typing method, influences how others interpret behavior, how individuals cope with distress, and the subjective experiences of non-speaking autistic individuals and their parents.

Adi Rodrigues Barnea – Information specialist and MA student, Department of Information Science, Bar-Ilan University, Israel
This review highlights the clinical importance of understanding “challenging” behaviors as potential indicators of comorbid medical issues such as gastrointestinal dysfunction, epilepsy, metabolic disorders, sleep disturbances, and psychiatric conditions